William Shakespeare
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| Moted: | 31 mäzul 1564, 23 prilul 1564, 26 prilul 1564 Stratford-upon-Avon, Stratford-on-Avon[*] |
| Deadam: | 23 prilul 1616 Stratford-upon-Avon |
| Deadamakod: | unknown value |
| Lifatopam: | Stratford-upon-Avon |
| Cal(s): | hidramatavan[*], hipoedan[*], hiteatadramatan[*], hilautan[*], hidramatan[*], dramaturge[*] |
| Tatät(s): | Regän Lingläna[*] |
| Matan(s): | Anne Hathaway[*] |
| Cil(s): | Susanna Hall[*], Hamnet Shakespeare[*], Judith Quiney[*] |
| Pal(s): | John Shakespeare[*], Mary Shakespeare[*] |
| Gem(s): | Joan Shakespeare[*], Edmund Shakespeare[*], Gilbert Shakespeare[*], Richard Shakespeare[*], Anne Shakespeare[*], Margaret Shakespeare[*], Joan Shakespeare[*] |
| Dispenäd: | |
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Hiel Whilliam Shakespeare (päblunedöl tü 1564 prilul 26 - 1616 prilul 23 ma kaled hiela Julius, mayul 3 ma kaled hiela Gregorius) äbinom poedan ä dramatavan Linglänik, anu palecedöl lautan gretikün in Linglänapük ä dramatavan veütikün vola.[1][2] Suvo panemom poedan netik Lingläna, u „Bardan di Avon“ (ü balugiko: „Bardan“). Vobotem dabinöl omik binädon me dramats 38, poedots degfolliänik 154, poedots konotik lunik tel, e poedots smalik anik. Dramats omik petradutons ini püks liföl veütik valik e paplösenons suvumo, kas uts dramatavanas votik valik.[3]
El Shakespeare pämotom e pädugälom in Stratford-upon-Avon. Bäldotü lifayels 18 ämatikom ko jiel Anne Hathaway, kel ämotof ome cilis kil: Susanna e telädans: Hamnet e Judith. Vü 1585 e 1592 äprimom karieri benosekik in London as dramatan, lautan e dalaban dila dramatanefa: Lord Chamberlain's Men (= Mans hiela Lord Chamberlain), poso pävotanemöl as King's Men (= Mans Rega). Jiniko äsoalükom oki zao ün 1613 in Stratford, kö ädeadom pos yels kil. Nemödikos päregistaron tefü lif privatik ela Shakespeare, e mödikos pespekulon, tefü yegäds äs genalif e rel omik, äsi tefü mög, das vobots omik pilautons fa votikans.[4]
El Shakespeare äprodom pluamanumi vobotas okik vü 1590 e 1613. Dramats primik oma äbinons gretadilo fredadramats e jenotems (= dramats dö lifüp regas Linglänik): dramatasots, kelis älöpükom ad sömit lekana finü tumyel 16id. Poso älautom ledino lugadramatis jü 1608, keninükamü vobots äs els Hamlet, Reg: Lear e Macbeth, atimo papladöls vü dramats superikün in Linglänapük. In period lätik oma, älautom freda-lugadramats ed äkevobom ko dramatavans votik. Mödiks dramatas omik päpübons as dabükots kalieta e kurata distöfikas dü lifüp omik. Ün 1623, telans teatakevobanas omik äpüboms eli Folio Balid: konlet vobotas dramatik oma, kel äkeninükon dramatis ti valikis oma (pläamü tels, kels te poso pälecedons as omiks).
El Shakespeare äbinom poedan ä dramatavan pestümöl in tim okik, ab te ün tumyel 19id benorepüt omik ärivon nivodi löpik atimik. Pato Romatimans älevokädoms letäleni omik, e timü jireg: Victoria pälelogom so vemo as heroedan lekana, das hiel George Bernard Shaw änemom kondöti at „bardanitulöfi“[5] Ün tumyel 20id, vobotem omik dönuamo pädaopton e padönutüvon fa mufs nolavik e dramataviks. Dramats omik palailöfons vemo nog ün atim, e paplösenons in yumeds kulivik e bolitiks distöfiks da vol valik.
Literat
redakön- ↑ Shakespeare voted millennium's best writer, BBC News, 1999 mäzul 1; päkonsulton tü 2007 tobul 11.
- ↑ Greenblatt, Stephen (2005). Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare. London: Pimlico, 11. ISBN 0-7126-0098-1.
• Bevington, David (2002) Shakespeare, 1–3. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-22719-9.
• Wells, Stanley (1997). Shakespeare: A Life in Drama. New York: W. W. Norton, 399. ISBN 0-393-31562-2. - ↑ Craig, Leon Harold. 2003. Of Philosophers and Kings: Political Philosophy in Shakespeare's "Macbeth" and "King Lear", pad: 3. University of Toronto Press. ISBN 0-8020-8605-5.
- ↑ Shapiro, James S. 2005. 1599: A Year in the Life of William Shakespeare, pads: xvii-xviii. London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 0-571-21480-0.
Schoenbaum, Samuel. 1991. Shakespeare's Lives, pads: 41, 66, 397-398, 402, 409. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-818618-5.
Taylor, Gary. 1990. Reinventing Sahkespeare: A Cultural History from the Restoration to the Present, pads: 145, 210-223, 261-265. London: Hogarth Press. ISBN 0-7012-0888-0. - ↑ Bartolini, John Anthony. 1993. Shaw and Other Playwrights, pad: 119. Pennsylvania: Pennsylvania State University Press. ISBN 0-271-00908-X.