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[[Magod:Map of Alaska highlighting Anchorage Municipality.png
|175px|thumb|right|Topam in tat: Alaska.]]
'''Anchorage''' binon zif in komot: {Otheruses4|the city in the [[United States|U.S.]] state of [[Alaska]]|other meanings|Anchorage}}
{{Infobox City
| official_name = Anchorage, Alaska
| nickname = The City of Lights and Flowers
| motto = Live a Big Wild Life
| image_skyline = AncSkylineGood.jpg
| imagesize = 250px
| image_caption = The Anchorage Skyline at Sunset.
| image_flag = Us-ak-an.jpg
| image_seal = Ancsymbol.png
| image_map = Map of Alaska highlighting Anchorage Municipality.png
| map_caption = Location in the state of [[Alaska]]
| subdivision_type = [[Borough (United States)|Borough]]
| subdivision_name = [[Municipality of Anchorage]]
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name = [[Mark Begich]] ([[United States Democratic Party|D]])
| area_magnitude = 1 E9
| area_total = 5079.2
| TotalArea_sq_mi = 1961.1
| area_land = 4395.8
| LandArea_sq_mi = 1697.2
| area_water = 683.4
| WaterArea_sq_mi = 263.9
| population_as_of = 2005
| population_metro = 339286
| population_total = 275043
| population_density = 62.6
| timezone = [[Alaska Standard Time Zone|AKST]]
| utc_offset = -9
| timezone_DST = [[Alaska Daylight Time|AKDT]]
| utc_offset_DST = -8
| latd = 61
| latm = 13
| lats = 06
| latNS = N
| longd = 149
| longm = 53
| longs = 57
| longEW = W
| elevation = 115
| website = [http://www.muni.org]
| footnotes =
}}
'''Anchorage, Alaska''' is a consolidated city-[[Borough (United States)|borough]] (officially called the '''Municipality of Anchorage''') in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Alaska]]. It is the largest city in the state of [[Alaska]], with 275,043 residents, comprising more than two-fifths (with its metropolitan area, over 50%) of the state's total population.
==Geography and climate==
===Geography===
Anchorage is located in [[South Central Alaska]], at 61 °13'06" North [[latitude]] (slightly farther north than [[Oslo]], [[Helsinki]] and [[Saint Petersburg|St. Petersburg]]), 149 °53'57" West [[longitude]], northeast of the [[Alaska Peninsula]], [[Kodiak Island]], and [[Cook Inlet]], due north of the [[Kenai Peninsula]], northwest of [[Prince William Sound]] and [[Alaska Panhandle]], and nearly due south of [[Mount McKinley]]/[[Denali]].
The city is situated on a triangular [[peninsula]] bordered on the east by the [[Chugach Mountains]], on the northwest by the [[Knik Arm]], and on the southwest by the [[Turnagain Arm]], upper branches of the Cook Inlet, which itself is the northernmost reach of the Pacific Ocean. Despite this, the city lacks coastal beaches, instead having wide, treacherous [[mudflats]]. Adjacent to the north is [[Matanuska-Susitna Borough, Alaska|Matanuska-Susitna Borough]], Alaska. To the south is [[Kenai Peninsula Borough, Alaska|Kenai Peninsula Borough]], Alaska, and to the east is [[Valdez-Cordova Census Area, Alaska|Valdez-Cordova Census Area]], Alaska.
The area of Anchorage is larger than that of [[Rhode Island]]. Anchorage.<ref>http://www.census.gov/geo/www/cenpop/statecenters.txt</ref>
===Climate===
[[Image:FirstSnow.jpg|thumb|right|250px|First winter snowfall on the [[Chugach Mountains]] in September 2005]]
Anchorage has a [[subarctic climate]] (the [[Koppen climate classification]] is ''Dfc'') due to its short, cool summers. Average daytime summer temperatures range from approximately 55 to 78 degrees [[Fahrenheit]] (13 to 27 degrees [[Celsius]]); average daytime winter temperatures are about 5 to 30 degrees (-15 to -1 degrees Celsius), which is in fact warmer than many places in the [[contiguous United States]].
Average January low and high temperatures at [[Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport]] (PANC) are 9°F/22°F (-13°C/-5°C) with an average winter snowfall of 70.60 inches (179.3 cm).
The weather on any given day and indeed for entire seasons can be very unpredictable. Some winters feature several feet of snow and cold temperatures, while others, just a foot or two of snow and frequent thaws, which puts dangerous ice on the streets.
On [[March 17]], [[2002]], a record ([[St. Patrick's Day]]) [[snow]] storm dumped 28.6 inches (72.6 cm) of snow on the Anchorage area in 24 hours, closing schools for the next two days. The storm broke the city record for a 24-hour snowfall and the most snowfall in a single day.
The storm, which started the evening of [[March 16]], easily surpassed the old record of 15.6 inches (39.6 cm) recorded on [[28 December]] and [[29 December]] [[1955]]. On [[March 17]], 24.6 inches (62.5 cm) were measured by the National Weather Service, topping the old record of 15.6 inches (39.6 cm) set on [[29 December]] [[1955]].The 1954-1955 winter had 132.8 inches (337.3 cm), which made it the snowiest winter on record. The coldest [[temperature]] ever recorded at [[Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport]] was -38°F (-38.8°C) on [[February 3]], [[1948]].
Summers are typically mild (although cool compared to the continental US and even interior Alaska), though it can rain frequently. There isn't any beach-bathing in Anchorage, except at a few local lakes on the warmest summer days, when those lakeside beaches can be extremely popular. Average July low and high temperatures are 52°F/66°F (11°C/19°C) and the hottest reading ever recorded was 86°F (30°C) on [[June 25]], [[1953]]. The average annual precipitation at the airport is 16.07 inches (408 mm).
Because of Anchorage's [[latitude]], summer days are very long and winter days are very short. In addition, Anchorage is often very cloudy during the winter, which decreases the amount of sunlight experienced by residents.<ref>For November, December, and January, average monthly percent possible sunshine (the hours of direct sunlight experienced, divided by the possible hours of sunlight for the location) is below 35%. See http://climate.umn.edu/cawap/mpr/jargon.htm for an explanation of the concept "percent possible sunlight." Data from [http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/ccd-data/pctpos.txt Data Through 2005 Average Percent Possible Sunshine]. [[National Climatic Data Center]]. Last accessed [[November 20]] [[2006]].</ref>
{| class="wikitable" "text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|
| colspan="13" style="text-align:center;font-size:120%;"|Monthly Normal and Record High and Low Temperatures
|-
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color: #000000" height="17" | Month
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Jan
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Feb
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Mar
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Apr
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | May
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Jun
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Jul
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Aug
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Sep
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Oct
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Nov
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" | Dec
|-
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Rec High °F
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 50
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 48
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 51
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 69
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 77
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 85
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 84
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 82
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 73
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 62
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 54
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 48
|-
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Norm High °F
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 22.2
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 25.8
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 33.6
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 43.9
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 54.9
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 62.3
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 65.3
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 63.3
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 55
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 40
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 27.7
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 23.7
|-
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Norm Low °F
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 9.3
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 11.7
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 18.2
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 28.7
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 38.9
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 47
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 51.5
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 49.4
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 41.4
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 28.3
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 15.9
| style="text-align:center; background: #C5DFE1; color:#000000;" | 11.4
|-
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Rec Low °F
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | -34
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | -28
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | -24
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | -4
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 17
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 33
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 38
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 31
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | 19
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | -5
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | -21
| style="text-align:center; background: #F8F3CA; color:#000000;" | -30
|-
! style="background: #E5AFAA; color:#000000;" height="16;" | Precip (in)
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 0.68
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 0.74
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 0.65
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 0.52
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 0.7
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 1.06
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 1.7
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 2.93
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 2.87
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 2.09
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 1.09
| style="text-align:center; background: #E8EAFA; color:#000000;" | 1.05
|-
| colspan="13" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|''Source: USTravelWeather.com [http://www.ustravelweather.com/weather-alaska/anchorage-weather.asp]''
|}
[[Image:Anchorage.jpg|800px|thumb|center|Anchorage, Alaska]]
==History and government==
{{Main|History of Anchorage, Alaska}}
[[Image:Anchtentcity.jpg|Anchorage as a tent city, 1915|thumb|right|250px]]
Anchorage was laid out by city planners in 1914, originally as a [[railroad]] [[construction]] [[port]] for the [[Alaska Railroad]], which was built between 1915 and 1923. Ship Creek Landing, where the railroad headquarters was located, quickly became a tent city; Anchorage was incorporated on [[November 23]] [[1920]]. The city's economy in the 1920s centered around the railroad. Between the 1930s and the 1950s, the city experienced massive growth as [[air transportation]] and the [[military]] became increasingly important. [[Merrill Field]] opened in 1930, and [[Anchorage International Airport]] opened in 1951. [[Elmendorf Air Force Base]] and [[Fort Richardson]] were constructed in the 1940s.
On [[March 27]], [[1964]], Anchorage was hit by the [[moment magnitude|magnitude]] 9.2 [[Good Friday Earthquake]], which killed 115 Alaskans and caused $1.8 billion in damage (2007 U.S. dollars). Rebuilding dominated the city in the late 1960s.
In 1968, oil was discovered in [[Prudhoe Bay, Alaska|Prudhoe Bay]], and the resulting oil boom spurred further growth in Anchorage. In 1975, Anchorage merged with [[Eagle River]], [[Girdwood]], Glen Alps, and several other communities. The merger expanded the [[city]], known officially as the [[Municipality of Anchorage]]. The city continued to grow in the 1980s, and capital projects and an aggressive beautification campaign took place.
===Government===
Anchorage is governed by an elected [[mayor]] and [[city council|assembly]], and a [[city manager]]. The city's current mayor is [[Mark Begich]]. Although Begich's party affiliation is Democratic,[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/3553270.stm] the office of Anchorage mayor is non-partisan. Anchorage is a designated [[census area]].
===Demographics===
As of the [[United States Census 2000|2000 census]], Anchorage had a population of 260,283, and in all, the Anchorage Municipality is home to almost two-fifths of Alaska's population. Anchorage is also the most ethnically diverse city in Alaska. The population today is approximately 72.23% [[White]], 7.28% (apx. 19,000) are [[Alaska Native]]s and [[American Indians (U.S. Census)|American Indians]], 5.55% (approximately 14,500 people) are [[Asian American]]s, 5.84% (apx. 15,200) are [[African American]]s, 0.93% are [[Pacific Islander]]s, 5.69% are [[Hispanics in the United States|Hispanic American]]s or [[Latino]]s of any race, 5.98% are from two or more races, and 2.19% are from other non-Caucasian backgrounds. 4.00% reported speaking [[Spanish language|Spanish]] at home, while 1.49% speak [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]] and 1.44% [[Korean language|Korean]].<ref>{{cite web | publisher = Modern Language Association | url = http://www.mla.org/map_data_results&state_id=2&county_id=20&mode=geographic&zip=&place_id=&cty_id=&ll=all&a=&ea=&order=r | title = MLA Data Center Results - Anchorage Municipality County, Alaska | date = no date |accessdate = May 13 | accessyear = 2007}}</ref>
There are 94,822 households out of which 38.9% have children under the age 18 living with them, 51.1% are [[married couples]] living together, 11.5% have a female householder with no husband present, and 32.4% are non-families. 23.4% of all households are made up of individuals and 3.8% have someone living alone who is 65 years of age or older. The average household size is 2.67 and the average family size is 3.19.
In the city the population is spread out with 29.1% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 33.9% from 25 to 44, 21.9% from 45 to 64, and 5.5% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 32 years. For every 100 females there are 101.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there are 102.4 males.
The median income for a household in the city is $55,546, and the median income for a family is $63,682. Males have a median income of $41,267 and females have a median income of $31,747. The [[per capita income]] for the city is $25,287. 7.3% of the population and 5.1% of families are below the [[poverty line]]. Out of the total population, 8.8% of those under the age of 18 and 6.4% of those 65 and older are living below the poverty line.
As of September 7, 2006, 94 languages were spoken by students in the Anchorage School District.<ref>http://www.asdk12.org/aboutasd/languages.asp</ref>
==Infrastructure==
===Economy===
Anchorage is a major port, receiving over 95% of all freight entering Alaska, as well as a hub of the [[Alaska Railroad]]. Major industries include government and military, [[Petroleum]], and [[tourism]]. There are two [[U.S. military]] bases bordering Anchorage on the north: [[Elmendorf Air Force Base]] and [[Fort Richardson]]. Nearly all [[Alaska Interior]]-bound tourists pass through Anchorage at some stage of their journeys in [[Alaska]]. Not surprisingly, summer is [[tourist season]], and downtown Anchorage, as well as the highways leading north and south of town, are typically teeming with tourists.
===Transportation===
[[Image:Anchorage Alaska aerial view.jpg|thumb|Aerial view of the Port of Anchorage on Cook Inlet]]
The [[Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport]], six miles from downtown Anchorage, is the airline hub for the state, served by many national airlines, including Seattle-based [[Alaska Airlines]] and a number of international and interstate airlines. The [[Alaska Railroad]] offers daily summer service to [[Seward, Alaska|Seward]], [[Talkeetna, Alaska|Talkeetna]], [[Denali National Park and Preserve|Denali National Park]] and [[Fairbanks]]. These communities are also served by bus line from Anchorage. The Ship Creek Shuttle connects downtown with the Ship Creek area, including stops at the [[Alaska Railroad]] Depot.
Anchorage also has a [[public transit|bus system]] called [http://www.muni.org/transit People Mover], with a central hub in downtown Anchorage and satellite hubs at [[Dimond Center]] and Muldoon Mall. People Mover also provides point-to-point van services to seniors and those with disabilities, as well as carpool organization services.
There is one officially designated [[Interstate Highway]] in Anchorage. Unlike the Interstate routes in [[Hawaii]], it is unsigned as such. The route, officially [[Interstate A-1]] runs along the Seward and Glenn Highways. The highway is numbered Alaska State Highway 1. A portion of the [[Seward Highway]], approximately 10 miles long, (known as the New Seward Highway) is built to [[freeway]] standards. The six-lane Glenn Highway largely carries commuter traffic to and from [[Eagle River, Alaska|Eagle River]], [[Chugiak, Alaska|Chugiak]], and the Matanuska Valley towns of [[Palmer, Alaska|Palmer]] and [[Wasilla, Alaska|Wasilla]]. The highway becomes four lanes from Eagle River to the junction with the Parks Highway (Alaska State Highway 3) near Wasilla. A majority of Anchorage's roads and the state's highways are asphalt; one notable exception is the [[Dalton Highway]] between Fairbanks and Deadhorse. This route is primarily for oil-field support transportation. Highway construction is generally limited to the warmer months of May to September, when drivers can expect occasional delays.
The 2005 Highway to Highway Connection is a $575 million plan for a limited-access highway link between the Glenn and Seward highways, to pass through the Fairview, Mountain View and Midtown neighborhoods.
'''Anchorage traffic department websites'''
*[http://www.muni.org/iceimages/transplan/acf538.pdf Anchorage long-range transportion plan]
*[http://www.muni.org/transplan/ Anchorage traffic department, transportation plan]
===Media===
====Newspapers====
Anchorage's leading [[newspaper]]s are the [[Anchorage Daily News]]<ref>http://www.adn.com/</ref>, the [[Alaska Star]]<ref>http://www.alaskastar.com</ref>, and the [[Anchorage Press]]<ref>http://www.anchoragepress.com</ref>.
====Television====
Anchorage is also well served by television. Anchorage's major network television affiliates are:
*[[KTUU]] 2 [[NBC|(NBC)]]
*[[KTBY]] 4 [[Fox Broadcasting Company|(FOX)]]
*[[KYES]] 5 [[MyNetworkTV|(My Network TV)]]
*[[KAKM]] 7 [[PBS|(PBS)]]
*[[KTVA]] 11[[CBS|(CBS)]]
*[[KIMO]] 13 [[American Broadcasting Company|(ABC)]]
*[[KDMD]] 33 [[i (TV network)|(ION Television)]]
The [[Alaska Rural Communications Service]] provides some original programming and also "cherry-picks" retransmissions from among the broadcast stations in Anchorage, though usually not KIMO except in very rare occasions (such as [[Iditarod (race)|Iditarod]] coverage), to provide television service to remote areas.
Citywide cable TV and Internet service is provided by [[General Communication, Inc.]] (GCI) There is no competing cable service; however, satellite and broadcast TV are widely available. Numerous local and national Internet service providers serve the community.
====Radio====
See ''[[List of radio stations in Alaska]]''.
===Venues===
The city of Anchorage currently provides three municipal facilities large enough to hold major events such as concerts, trade shows and conventions. Downtown facilities include the [[Alaska Center for the Performing Arts]], [[William A. Egan Civic & Convention Center]] and the soon to be completed [[Dena’ina Civic and Convention Center]], which will be connected via [[skybridge]] to form the Anchorage Civic & Convention District. The [[Sullivan Arena]] hosts sporting events as well concerts and annual trade shows. The [[Anchorage Football Stadium]] and [[Mulcahy Stadium]] are also noteworthy sports venues.
===Medical centers and hospitals===
[[Providence Alaska Medical Center]] on Providence Drive in Anchorage is the largest hospital in Alaska and is part of [[Providence Health & Services]] in [[Alaska]], [[Washington]], [[Oregon]] and [[California]]. It features the state's most comprehensive range of services. Providence Health System has a history of serving Alaska, beginning when the Sisters of Providence first brought health care to [[Nome]] in [[1902]]. As the territory grew during the following decades, so did efforts to provide care. Hospitals were opened in [[Fairbanks]] in [[1910]] and Anchorage in [[1937]].
[[Alaska Regional Hospital]] on DeBarr Road in Anchorage opened in [[1963]] as Anchorage Presbyterian Hospital, located at 8th and L Street downtown. This predecessor to Alaska Regional was a joint venture between local [[physicians]] and the Presbyterian Church. In [[1976]] the hospital moved to its present location on DeBarr Road, and is now a 254-bed licensed and accredited facility. Alaska Regional has expanded services and in [[1994]], Alaska Regional joined with [[HCA]], one of the nation's largest [[healthcare]] providers.
[[Alaska Native Medical Center]] located on Tudor Road, provides medical care and therapeutic health care to [[Alaska native]]s - 229 tribes of [[Inuit]] and others - at the Anchorage site and at 15 satellite facilities throughout the state. ANMC specialists also travel to clinics in the [[Bush Alaska|Bush]] to provide care. The 150-bed hospital is also a teaching center for the [[University of Washington]]'s regional medical education program. ANMC houses an office of the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]. The Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium and Southcentral Foundation jointly own and manage ANMC.
===Public safety===
{| class="wikitable" align="right"
|+ Crime rate in Anchorage, 2005<br>compared with Alaska overall,<br>with cities of comparable population,<br>and with the U.S. overall
|
! Rate of<br>violent crimes<br>per 100,000<br>population
! Rate of<br>property crimes<br>per 100,000<br>population
|-
! Anchorage<ref>Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2006). [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/data/table_08_ak.html "Table 8 (Alaska). Offenses Known to Law Enforcement."] [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/ ''Crime in the United States 2005''.] Retrieved on 2007-04-06.</ref>
| align="center" | 735.6
| align="center" | 4,116.1
|-
! Alaska<ref name="ucrstate">Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2006). [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/data/table_04.html "Table 4. Crime in the United States, by Region, Geographic Division, and State, 2004-2005."] [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/ ''Crime in the United States 2005''.] Retrieved on 2007-04-02.</ref>
| align="center" | 631.9
| align="center" | 3,612.5
|-
! U.S. cities of population<br>100,000-249,999<ref name="table16">Federal Bureau of Investigation. (2006). [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/data/table_16.html "Table 16. Rate: Number of Crimes per 100,000 Inhabitants by Population Group, 2005."] [http://www.fbi.gov/ucr/05cius/ ''Crime in the United States 2005''.] Retrieved on 2007-04-02.</ref>
| align="center" | 616.2
| align="center" | 4,648.4
|-
! U.S. cities of population<br>250,000-499,999<ref name="table16"/>
| align="center" | 1,015.0
| align="center" | 5,584.9
|-
! U.S. total<ref name="ucrstate"/>
| align="center" | 469.2
| align="center" | 3,429.8
|-
| colspan="3" width="400"|<div class="references-small">''Source of data:'' [[Uniform Crime Reports]] (UCR) program of the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]]. The UCR program collects data on certain types of crime reported to participating law enforcement agencies throughout the U.S. The UCR category of ''violent crime'' includes of murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault. The UCR category of ''property crime'' includes burglary, larceny-theft, motor vehicle theft, and arson.</div>
|}
With an authorized strength of 544 sworn and civilian positions, [[Anchorage Police Department]] is the largest police department in the state, serving an area of nearly 200 square miles with a population of over a quarter million people. Other law enforcement agencies in Anchorage include the University Police Department at [[University of Alaska Anchorage]], the Airport Police and Fire Department at [[Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport]], and offices of various federal agencies including the [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]], the [[U.S. Marshals Service]], the [[Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives]], the [[Drug Enforcement Administration]], and others. The [[Alaska State Troopers]] have their headquarters in Anchorage.<ref>Alaska Peace Officers Association. (2005). ''Journal of the Alaska Peace Officers and Associates: 2005''. Anchorage, AK: Alaska Peace Officers Association.</ref>
The Fire & EMS Operations Division of the [[Anchorage Fire Department]] (AFD) includes thirteen fire stations with over 300 personnel covering three rotating 24-hour shifts. Additionally, there are volunteer fire departments in [[Girdwood, Alaska|Girdwood]] and [[Chugiak, Alaska|Chugiak]] and fire departments on [[Elmendorf Air Force Base]] and [[Fort Richardson]], as well as the Airport Police and Fire Department.<ref>[http://www.muni.org/fire1/index1.cfm Anchorage Fire Department] official website. Retrieved on 2007-04-02.</ref>
In 2005, the latest year for which data is available, Anchorage reported 735.6 violent crimes per 100,000 population and 4,116.1 property crimes per 100,000 population (see table). Anchorage's crime rate, both for violent and property crimes, is higher than for Alaska as a whole or for the U.S. as a whole. When compared with U.S. cities of similar size, Anchorage has a comparable rate of violent crime and a lower rate of property crime. Anchorage, and Alaska in general, have very high rates of sexual assault in comparison with the rest of the country, with Anchorage's annual rate of forcible rapes over twice as high as for the U.S. as a whole. [[Alaska Natives]] are victimized at a much high rate than their representation in the population.<ref>Rosay, André. (Winter 2004). [http://justice.uaa.alaska.edu/forum/20/4winter2004/a_rapes.html "Forcible Rapes and Sexual Assaults in Anchorage."] ''Alaska Justice Forum'' 20(4): 1, 9–11. Retrieved on 2007-04-02.</ref>
In 2005, Anchorage Police Department reported:<ref>Anchorage Police Department. [http://www.muni.org/apd1/stats.cfm "Crime Statistics: 2005 Annual Statistical Report."] Municipality of Anchorage website. Retrieved on 2007-04-02.</ref>
{|
! colspan="2" | Violent crimes
! colspan="2" | Property crimes
|-
| width="40" align="right"| 18 || murders || width="60" align="right"| 1,783 || burglaries
|-
| align="right"|224 || rapes || align="right"|8,248 || thefts
|-
| align="right"|384 || robberies || align="right"|1,334 || motor vehicle thefts
|-
| align="right"|1,407 || aggravated assaults || ||
|}
The Anchorage Community Survey, a public survey conducted in 2004-2005 by the Justice Center at [[University of Alaska Anchorage]], found that overall, Anchorage residents are fairly satisfied with the performance of the Anchorage Police Department.<ref>Myrstol, Brad A. (Summer 2005). [ "Making the Grade? Public Evaluation of Police Performance in Anchorage."] ''Alaska Justice Forum'' 22(2): 5-10.</ref> Most survey respondents perceived the justice system to be "somewhat effective" or "very effective" at apprehending and prosecuting criminal suspects, bringing about just outcomes, and reducing crime.<ref>Justice Center, University of Alaska Anchorage. (Fall 2005). [http://justice.uaa.alaska.edu/forum/22/3fall2005/b_attitudes.html "Anchorage Attitudes Toward Justice System."] ''Alaska Justice Forum'' 22(3): 8.</ref>
===Education===
Public education in Anchorage, [[Eagle River, Alaska|Eagle River]], [[Fort Richardson]] and [[Elmendorf Air Force Base]] is managed by the [[Anchorage School District]], the 81st largest district in the [[United States]], with nearly 50,000 students attending 88 schools. There are also a number of choices in [[private education]], including [[Anchorage Christian Schools]], and [[Grace Christian School]], a K-12 community [[Christian school]] in south Anchorage.
===Colleges and universities===
Ninety percent of Anchorage's adults have high-school [[diplomas]], 65 percent have attended one to three years of college, and 17 percent hold advanced [[Academic degree|degrees]], placing Anchorage among the top [[Metropolitan area|metropolitan]] cities in educational attainment.
Anchorage has four [[higher education|higher-education]] facilities that offer bachelor's or master's degrees: the [[University of Alaska Anchorage]],<ref>http://www.uaa.alaska.edu</ref> [[Alaska Pacific University]], [[Charter College]],<ref>http://www.chartercollege.org</ref> and the Anchorage campus of [[Texas]]-based [[Wayland Baptist University]]. Other continuing education facilities in Anchorage include the Grainger Leadership Institute, Nine Star Enterprises, CLE International, Nana Worksafe, and PackBear DBA Barr & Co.
===Utilities===
Two [[electric]] companies provide service within the Municipality of Anchorage: Municipal Light & Power (ML&P) and Chugach Electric Association. A municipally owned utility since [[1932]], ML&P supplies electric power to more than 30,000 residential and commercial customers in the Anchorage area. Chugach Electric Association is a not-for-profit, member-owned cooperative that was formed in [[1948]].
Most homes have [[natural gas]]-fueled heat. ENSTAR Natural Gas Company is the sole provider for Anchorage, servicing some 90-percent of the city's population.
The Municipality of Anchorage owns and operates the Water and Wastewater Utility serving an approximate population base of 214,000. Anchorage Municipal Solid Waste Services and Anchorage Refuse conduct trash removal in the city depending on location.
==Culture and recreation==
===Arts===
Located next to [[Town Square Park]] in downtown Anchorage, the [[Alaska Center for the Performing Arts]] is a three-part complex, hosting numerous [[performing arts]] events each year. The facility can accommodate more than 3,000 patrons. In [[2000]], nearly 245,000 people visited 678 public performances. It is home to eight resident performing arts companies and has featured mega-musical performed by visiting companiess. The center also hosts the [[International Ice Carving Competition]] as part of the [[Fur Rendezvous festival]] in [[February]].
The [[Anchorage Concert Association]] brings 15 to 20 events to the community each [[winter]]. The Sitka Summer Music Festival presents an "Autumn Classics" festival of chamber music for two weeks each September on the campus of Alaska Pacific University.
====Museums====
*Alaska Aviation Heritage Museum<ref>http://home.gci.net/~aahm/</ref>
*[[Anchorage Museum of History and Art]]<ref>http://www.anchoragemuseum.org</ref>
*[[Imaginarium]]: Science Discovery Center<ref>http://www.imaginarium.org</ref>
*[[Oscar Anderson House Museum]]<ref>http://www.anchoragehistoric.org</ref>
*Wells Fargo Alaska Heritage Library & Museum<ref>http://www.wellsfargohistory.com/museums/alaska.html</ref>
===Sports===
The [[Sullivan Arena]] is home to the [[Alaska Aces]] of the [[ECHL]] (formerly East Coast Hockey League). The city's only other professional franchise is the [[Alaska Wild]], an [[arena football]] team that began playing with the [[Intense Football League]] in April 2007.
The [[Anchorage Bucs Baseball Club]] is a summer collegiate [[baseball]] team, attracting players from universities throughout the world. The [[Anchorage Glacier Pilots]] are a member of the [[National Baseball Congress]]. Both baseball clubs play at [[Mulcahy Stadium]].
The [[University of Alaska Anchorage]] sponsors the annual [[Great Alaska Shootout]], an annual [[NCAA]] Division I basketball tournament featuring colleges and universities from across the [[United States]]. The University of Alaska Anchorage also has a Men's Division I hockey team that plays within the [[WCHA]] (Western Collegiate Hockey Association).
Anchorage is the finish line for a wheelchair race known as Sadler's Ultra Challenge. Divisions include Men's Handcycle (with A, B, and C classes), Men's Wheelchair, and Women's Handcycle. The 267-mile-long race is run in eight stages and takes six days to complete. The annual competition began in 2001 and occurs in July of each year.
Anchorage also holds the ceremonial start of the [[Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race]].
===Recreational facilities===
*[[Alpenglow Ski Area]]<ref>http://www.skialpenglow.com</ref>
*[[Alyeska Resort]]<ref>http://www.alyeskaresort.com</ref>
*[[Hilltop Ski Area]]<ref>http://www.hilltopskiarea.org</ref>
*[[H2Oasis Indoor Waterpark]]<ref>http://www.h2oasiswaterpark.com</ref>
===Parks and gardens===
*[[Alaska Native Heritage Center]]<ref>http://alaskanative.net</ref>
*Fraternal Order of Alaska State Troopers<ref>http://www.alaska.net/~foast</ref>
*The [[Alaska Botanical Garden]] contains over 900 species of hardy perennials and 150 native plant species<ref>http://www.alaskabg.org</ref>
*[[Alaska Zoo]]<ref>http://www.alaskazoo.org</ref>
*[[Alaska Wildlife Conservation Center]]<ref>http://www.alaskawildlife.org</ref>
*[[Delaney Park Strip]]
*[[Kincaid Park]]
*[[Point Woronzof Park]]
==Notable residents==
*[[Matt Carle]], [[National Hockey League|NHL]] [[ice hockey|hockey]] player for the [[San Jose Sharks]]
*[[Scott Gomez]], NHL hockey player for the [[New Jersey Devils]]
*[[Trajan Langdon]], [[United States|American]] [[basketball]] player for [[PBC CSKA Moscow|CSKA Moscow]]
*[[Josh Phelps]], [[Major League Baseball|MLB]] [[baseball]] player for the [[New York Yankees]]
*[[Mark Schlereth]], Former [[National Football League|NFL]] guard and current [[ESPN]] [[American football|football]] analyst
*[[Dave Williams (baseball player)]], MLB pitcher for the [[New York Mets]]
*[[Ty Conklin]], NHL goalie for the [[Buffalo Sabres]]
*[[Curt Schilling]], starting pitcher for the [[Boston Red Sox]]
==Sister cities==
Today, Anchorage has a number of [[town twinning|Sister Cities]]:<ref>http://www.uaa.alaska.edu/prospective/costs/sister_cities.cfm</ref>
*{{flagicon|Philippines}} [[Camiling]], [[Philippines]]
*{{Flagicon|Taiwan}} [[Chiayi]], [[Republic of China|Taiwan]]
*{{Flagicon|Japan}} [[Chitose, Hokkaido|Chitose]], [[Nemuro]], [[Noshiro]], [[Obihiro]], [[Saroma]], [[Teshio]], [[Japan]]
*{{Flagicon|Australia}} [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]], [[Australia]]
*{{Flagicon|Norway}} [[Hammerfest]], [[Norway]]
*{{Flagicon|China}} [[Harbin]], [[People's Republic of China]]
*{{Flagicon|South Korea}} [[Incheon]], [[Korea]]
*{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Khabarovsk]], [[Magadan]], [[Mirnyy]], [[Noglicki]], [[Okha, Russia|Okha]], [[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatski]], [[Providenya]], [[Yakutsk]], [[Yelisovo]], [[Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk]], [[Vladivostok]], [[Russia]]
*{{Flagicon|Norway}} [[Mo i Rana]], [[Norway]]
*{{Flagicon|Norway}} [[Tromsø]], [[Norway]]
*{{Flagicon|England}} {{Flagicon|United Kingdom}} [[Whitby]], [[England]]
==Notes and references==
{{reflist|2}}
*[http://www.anchoragechamber.org/info/relocation.htm Relocation information from the Anchorage Chamber of Commerce]
==External links==
{{Mapit-US-cityscale|61.1919|-149.762097}}
*[http://www.anchorage.net/ The Anchorage Convention and Visitors Bureau]
*[http://www.alaskavisitorscenter.com The Alaska Visitors Center]
*[http://www.muni.org/ The Municipality of Anchorage]
*[http://www.comevisitanchorage.com/ Visit Anchorage]
*[http://www.fsboanchorage.com/ For Sale By Owner Anchorage]
*[http://www.anchorage.craigslist.org/ Anchorage Craigslist]
*[http://www.geckotales.com/alaska1.htm Anchorage Tourist Review]
*[http://www.Untraveledroad.com/USA/Alaska/Anchorage/Anchorage.htm Photographic virtual tour of Anchorage]
{{Alaska}}
[[Category:Cities in Alaska]]
[[Category:Independent cities in the United States]]
[[Category:Coastal cities in the United States]]
[[Category:Anchorage, Alaska| ]]
[[Category:Settlements established in 1914]]
[[Category:Port cities in the United States]]
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